WEEK8 Day3 発生学問題演習

胸部と腹部の発生からの問題演習。USMLE形式の練習問題（英語）を読み解く。

練習問題の例：

1. A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and right-sided chest pain after a car accident. A chest X-ray shows a right-sided pneumothorax. The physician explains that air has accumulated between the parietal and visceral pleura. Which of the following best describes the function of the pleural cavity in a healthy individual?
   1. Allows for frictionless movement of the lungs during respiration
   2. Prevents alveolar collapse by maintaining positive pressure
   3. Acts as a rigid compartment to stabilize thoracic structures
   4. Provides oxygen directly to lung tissue
   5. Acts as a reservoir for venous return
2. A preterm infant is born at 27 weeks of gestation and develops respiratory distress syndrome. This condition is most closely related to insufficient production of which of the following substances?
   1. Alveolar macrophages
   2. Pulmonary surfactant
   3. Fetal hemoglobin
   4. Mucus secretions
   5. Type III collagen

（これらの問題はChatGPTで生成され、ヒトが妥当性を確認した）